2026 rules · Updated for 2026
How Formula 1 cooling systems work
How radiators, heat exchangers, ducts and bodywork keep the car inside its operating limits.
Quick answer
F1 cooling systems route air through heat exchangers for the power unit, electrical systems and fluids, then release the hot air through carefully sized bodywork openings.
Moving heat out
Cool external air passes through radiator cores and absorbs heat from coolant, oil, charge air and electrical circuits before exiting the bodywork.
The aerodynamic price
Larger inlets and outlets improve temperature margin but disturb valuable airflow and add drag. Teams choose the smallest safe opening package for the conditions.
Race variables
Hot weather, altitude and following another car reduce cooling margin. Drivers may be told to find clean air, lift earlier or alter settings when temperatures rise.