2026 rules · Updated for 2026
How an F1 differential works
The rear-axle system that lets the inside and outside wheels rotate at different speeds.
Quick answer
The differential distributes drive between the rear wheels while allowing them to rotate at different speeds through a corner. Its locking settings affect rotation, traction, stability and tyre temperature.
Why it is necessary
The outside rear wheel follows a longer arc than the inside wheel. Forcing both to turn identically would make one scrub across the surface and disturb the car.
Open versus locked
A more open setting allows greater wheel-speed difference and can help rotation. More locking connects the axle more strongly, supporting traction but making breakaway more aggressive.
A driver tool
Drivers select permitted settings for corner entry, mid-corner and exit behaviour. Engineers use telemetry to balance lap time against wheelspin and tyre temperature.