Rules & penalties · Updated for 2026
FIA stewards in Formula 1 explained
How the event's decision-making panel investigates incidents and applies the regulations independently of race control.
Quick answer
FIA stewards are the officials who investigate alleged breaches, consider evidence and issue sporting decisions or penalties. They are separate from the Race Director, who manages the safe and orderly conduct of the session.
How an investigation starts
An incident can be reported by race control, officials or through a formal protest or review process. The stewards identify the relevant rule and gather the available evidence.
Evidence and hearings
Timing, telemetry, onboard video, radio and marshal reports may be considered. Teams and drivers can be summoned to explain their actions before a written decision is published.
Decision and review
The panel may take no further action or impose a penalty available under the rules. Specific appeal and Right of Review mechanisms exist, but disagreement alone does not automatically reopen a case.